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What profit does anyone gain from all his labor
    at which he toils under the sun?[a]

Introductory Poem[b]

There Is Nothing New under the Sun

One generation passes away and another generation succeeds it,
    but the earth stands firm forever.
The sun rises and the sun sets;
    then it returns to the place where it rises.

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Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 1:3 Jesus expands on this same theme in Mk 8:36-38. Under the sun: i.e., the present world and its limits. A synonym is “under heaven” (see v. 13; 2:3; 3:1).
  2. Ecclesiastes 1:4 The author takes the opposite tack to the wonder and adoration excited by the universe in Job (chs. 38–40); for him, no event can change the course of things: nothing deserves to occupy our memories to this point: there is no history!